cantell 1

cantell 1 - Transcript

Creative Industries in Finland
Creative Clusters in the Life of Culture and the Life of the City St Petersburg 19 3 2005 Timo Cantell Sibelius Academy timo cantell siba fi

Creative City
ke E Andersson suggests four important Ks that will characterise cities in the future Kultur Kreativitet Kommunikation Kunskap knowledge

Anderson ke E 1985 Kreativitet StorStadens Framtid V rnamo Prisma

Boom of reports and strategies in Finland
National level
Ministry of Trade Ministry of Culture

Regional level
5 regional bodies 15 sub regional authorites

Municipal level
All major cities and urban areas

Boom of reports and strategies in Finland
Ahokas Anne 2003 Pohjois Savon kulttuuriklusteri Kulttuuriklusterin nykytilaselvitys Kuopio Pohjois Savon liitto http pohjois savo ip finland com assets pdf Kulttuuri pdf Alueiden vahvuudeksi 2003 Kulttuuri liikunta ja nuorisopolitiikan aluekehitt misen toimenpideohjelma linjauksia ja painopisteit vuosille 2003 2013 Helsinki Opetusministeri n julkaisuja 2003 22 http www minedu fi julkaisut kulttuuri 2003 opm22 aluestrategi a pdf Askelmerkit tulevaisuuteen 2003 Suomi 2015 ohjelman loppuraportti Helsinki Sitran raportteja 34 Kulttuurin aika 2003 Kulttuurin ja kulttuuripolitiikan merkityksest yhteiskunnassa Helsinki Opetusministeri n julkaisuja 2003 13 http www minedu fi julkaisut kulttuuri 2003 opm13 opm13 pdf

Boom of reports and strategies in Finland
Haajanen Marko Sokka Sakarias 2002 Kulttuuri maakuntien vahvuutena Selvitys maakuntien liitoista alueellisten kulttuurilinjausten m ritt j n Helsinki Opetusministeri Kulttuuri liikunta ja nuorisopolitiikan osaston julkaisusarja 7 2002 Himanen Pekka 2004 V litt v kannustava ja luova Suomi Katsaus tietoyhteiskuntamme syviin haasteisiin Helsinki Eduskunta tulevaisuusvaliokunta teknologian arviointeja 18 http www eduskunta fi fakta julkaisut ekj4 2004 pdf Koivunen Hannele 2004 Onko kulttuurilla vienti Opetusministeri n ulkoasiainministeri n ja kauppa ja teollisuusministeri n Kulttuurivienti hanke Selvitysmiehen raportti Opetusministeri n julkaisuja 2004 22 http www minedu fi julkaisut kulttuuri 2004 opm22 opm22 pdf

Strategies have lead into
Increased understanding of the importance of the creative economy in the public and private sector Co operation between the public and the private sector Increased private sector initiatives and funding Urban policies where the creative economy is taken seriously MUSEX Finland Music export organisation supporting Finnish music business

Greater Helsinki Region within the context of the Baltic Sea Region

C ity
O v e r m illio n in h a b ita n ts 2 5 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 in h 2 5 0 0 0 0 in h Ro a d R a ilw a y S ta te b o rd e r S e a ro u te S e a r o u te su m m e r
0 100

K ilo m e t e r s 250 500

M a jo r d ire c tio n o f co n n e ctio n s G re a te r H e lsin k i Re g io n

Greater Helsinki Region and the functional urban regions of over 150 000 inhabitants in Finland

Population 2000
1 2 0 0 00 0 30 0 000 15 0 000

City regi on and cent re Greater Helsink i R ion eg Other centre

N

Greater Helsinki Region
N U TS 3 REG IO N
N U TS 4 REG IO N C a p ita l C e n te r
C e n te r o f N U T S 3 R e g io n
C e n te r o f N U T S 4 R e g io n

N

50 km H e lsin k i M e tr o p o lita n A re a H e lsin k i R e g io n G r e a t e r H e ls in k i R e g io n

Population
City of Helsinki 560 000 inhabitants Helsinki Region 12 municipalities 1 2 million inhabitants 680 000 jobs The region s share is 23 of the population and 29 of jobs in Finland One of the strongest population growth rates in any European cities in the period of 1995 2001

Economic base
33 6 of Finland s national product is produced in the Helsinki region Value added per capita 147 6 in the region EU average 100 Specialised in business and financial services trade and logistics culture and leisure services research development high technology manufacturing and services higher education national level administration

Economic changes in the 1990s
Recession 1991 1993
Worst recession in OECD countries Helsinki s unemployment up to 20 per cent 50 000 unemployed problems with long term unemployment

Growth 1993 2001
One of the fastest growth rates in Europe New jobs especially in the ICT sector Dominated by Nokia telephone operators and subcontractors

Helsinki s strategy since 1994
Developing Helsinki as a centre of science and research and the new knowledge based industries Improving traffic and telecommunication links Consolidating the cultural profile of the city Developing a high quality urban environment Promoting the city internationally and creating new international networks

Why culture gained significance in Helsinki s strategy since 1994
1 International discussion on the economic impact of the arts was introduced in the Finnish scene in the early 1990s Authors such as Myerscough 1988 and van Puffelen 1986 were quoted and findings from various impact studies referred to Some politicians who adopted these findings started to use impact study examples in arguing for a higher profile of the culture sector Their interpretations were partly misjudged Instrumental reasons were at the forefront i e tourism income various economic gains enhancing the city s image etc

Why culture gained significance in Helsinki s strategy since 1994
2 A concrete high ranking project such as European City Culture opened up opportunities in re orientating for the future City authorities both political and leading bureaucrats were at loss as to where to steer the city amidst the troubled times where depression was considered to hit the city not purely economically but it also had impacts in the way people perceived their future A big project was expected to kick start a new and brighter era for the city

Why culture gained significance in Helsinki s strategy since 1994
3 City of Helsinki needed a focus for the future a clear goal that would unite its citizens and its employees A large organisation like city of Helsinki needs common goals and targets and European City of Culture project provided just that It seemed easy to find support for the project all over the Helsinki organisation as people could relate with that These kinds of projects are hard to come by and therefore this was a good choice Deputy mayor Antti Viinikka

Why culture gained significance in Helsinki s strategy since 1994
4 The culture sector offered means of marketing Helsinki cost effectively and without great financial risks i e even if the project could have failed the financial consequences would not have been too great to bear On the other hand the project provided great potential in Helsinki s international marketing and reorientation

Why culture gained significance in Helsinki s strategy since 1994
5 In the process of Finland joining the European Union in 1995 Helsinki had to re write itself on the European map The culture sector with the City of Culture project could in part fulfil this expectation and draw energies together to image and realise such a goal Therefore by turning energies in this goal the culture sector was allocated a major role in Helsinki s image campaign

Why culture gained significance in Helsinki s strategy since 1994
6 The project proved to be a great urban policy tool in a way that with little effort it could achieve a lot by bringing together the city of Helsinki and the national government traditional rivals as well as the business sector and neighbouring cities Eero Holstila a leading Helsinki strategist

Goals of the city of culture
Develop Helsinki and its surroundings areas to bring lasting improvements to the quality of life of the residents Introduce Helsinki and the whole of Finland to the international public as a vibrant and versatile seat of culture and competition Theme Information Technology and the Future

Further aims of the city of culture
Future Culture is an investment in the future Events and projects having a lasting impact and significance are prioritised Finding new The city culture project is a process The aim is to find projects and methods enriching and reviving culture Being international Finnish culture is made familiar to Europeans Simultaneously Finns become acquainted with multicultural Europe An event for all residents The year of culture will be visible and effective in everyday living environment of ordinary people Residents are more than just consumers of culture they also act on their own initiative The goal is participation and responsible sharing

European City of Culture in Helsinki
Shared together with 8 other cities 500 events projects Budget 50 million euros Economic impact 67 million euros 5 4 million visits to events and projects Well received by local population 43 of the Helsinki Region population took part in events provided for free 21 in events with a cover charge 700 journalists from abroad

Observations
Engagement in the City of Culture process for Helsinki was a response to a particularly difficult economic recession Partly the Year of Culture was used as a means of countering financially difficult times and bringing economic progress More fundamentally the process was used to negotiate major social and geopolitical changes that Helsinki encountered In the 1990s Helsinki was in rapid transition in a multitude of ways and the culture sector provided a medium of understanding representing and reacting to this situation

Observations
Definition of culture 1 Way of life anthropological 2 Arts activity Helsinki adopted broad understanding of culture In the administration and steering arenas of Helsinki 2000 representatives from the traditional arts sectors were consciously avoided

Observations
Transformative effects in terms of local identity international recognition financially Long term effects partly unclear partly unfulfilled Disappointment in the activity of independent production companies

City of Culture is a good project percentage of those who agree with the statement Helsinki Capital Region
80 Helsinki Helsingfors 70

60
Espoo Kauniainen Esbo Grankulla

Vantaa Vanda

50 Yhteens Samtliga 40 V 1998 XI I 1999 VI XI I III 2000 VI IX I 2001

Attitudes towards the goals of the Year of Culture important or very important Helsinki Capital Region
80

Lis t asukkaiden ja elinymp rist n viihtyisyytt ka inv narnas trivsel och boendemilj ns trivsamhet Tehd Helsinki kansainv lisesti tunnetuksi G ra Helsingfors k nt utomlands Lis t Helsinkiin suuntautuvaa matkailua ka turismen till Helsingfors Luoda edellytyksi taiteen tekemiselle Skapa f ruts ttningar f r att skapa konst Antaa asukkaille unohtumattomia el myksi Ge inv narna of rgl mliga upplevelser Luoda edellytyksi paremmalle ty llisyydelle Skapa f ruts ttningar f r b ttre syssels ttning

70

60

50

40 V 1998 XI I 1999 VI XI I III 2000 VI IX I 2001