Building A Nation

Building A Nation - Transcript

Building A Nation Building

Instructor Carol Jean Cox

BUILDING A NATION
THE WAR OF 1812 ERA OF GOOD FEELINGS 1815 1824 MONROE DOCTRINE 1823 JACKSONIAN ERA 1824 1840 COMMERCIAL AGRICULTURE MARKET REVOLUTION TRANSPORTATION INNOVATIONS INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION ROMANTICISM AND REFORMS

BUILDING A NATION
WAR OF 1812
War Hawks issues highlights outcome Builds sense of national pride

ERA OF GOOD FEELINGS 1815 1824
Good relationships between U S Britain after war Demilitarization of Great Lakes Rush Bagot Agreement of 1817 American fishing rights Canadian waters 1818
49th parallel from head of Mississippi to Rockies

Joint occupation of Oregon country

BUILDING A NATION
ERA OF GOOD FEELINGS 1815 1824
Good relationships between U S Britain after war Annexation of Florida in 1819 for 5 million from Spain Establishment of Boundaries Transcontinental Treaty defined boundary of U S Spanish
Gulf of Mexico west boundary of Louisiana west north to Rockies west along 42nd parallel

BUILDING A NATION
THE WAR OF 1812 ERA OF GOOD FEELINGS 1815 1824 MONROE DOCTRINE 1823 JACKSONIAN ERA 1824 1840 COMMERCIAL AGRICULTURE MARKET REVOLUTION TRANSPORTATION INNOVATIONS INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION ROMANTICISM AND REFORMS

BUILDING A NATION


MONROE DOCTRINE 1823


America s diplomatic position American continents no longer open to colonization by European powers Warning against any interference by European powers into the revolutionary powers of Latin America

The American continents henceforth are not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European Powers James Monroe

BUILDING A NATION
THE WAR OF 1812 ERA OF GOOD FEELINGS 1815 1824 MONROE DOCTRINE 1823 JACKSONIAN ERA 1824 1840 COMMERCIAL AGRICULTURE MARKET REVOLUTION TRANSPORTATION INNOVATIONS INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION ROMANTICISM AND REFORMS

BUILDING A NATION
John Quincy Adams 1824 1828
National Republican Party Bargain Corruption

John Quincy Adams

Henry Clay

Clay s American System N E Ohio River Valley Democratic Republican Party Jackson Calhoun Martin Van Buren

BUILDING A NATION
JACKSONIAN ERA 1824 1840
Jacksonian Democracy Popular Sovereignty Politicians promised voters what they wanted Strong support of the Labor movement

Andrew Jackson Travels to Washington Library of Congress

BUILDING A NATION
JACKSONIAN ERA 1824 1840
JACKSON 1828 1836 Jackson the people s man The Election vigorous leadership of 1828 egalitarian any honest citizen can represent in government the people themselves should decide on public policy spoils system offices given as a reward for their support

POPULAR WILL PUBLIC POLICY

BUILDING A NATION
JACKSONIAN ERA 1824 1840
JACKSON 1828 1836 con t Neo Jeffersonian ideas sought to unite southern planters N E agrarian mindedness Jackson s Policies Pay off the National Debt Against internal improvements programs Pro Central Government

BUILDING A NATION
JACKSONIAN ERA 1824 1840
JACKSON 1828 1836 con t Nullification Controversy 1828 1 Constitution a compact among states 2 Federal government given clearly defined powers 3 States were judges of powers of constitution 4 States could declare null and void any laws not stated in constitution 5 Federal Government must stop performing laws until 3 4 states granted it the nullified power

BUILDING A NATION
JACKSONIAN ERA 1824 1840
JACKSON 1828 1836 con t Force Act Central government can use force to uphold laws Jackson threatens South Carolina Anti Bank The Bank War Jackson versus second U S Bank declared bank unconstitutional surplus funds placed in pet banks

BUILDING A NATION
JACKSONIAN ERA 1824 1840
JACKSON 1828 1836 con t Anti Bank The Bank War Jackson stopped deposits to BUS Put money in pet banks BUS calls in debts to pay bills leads to bank failures Jackson government declared that lands must be paid with hard currency Depression Panic of 1837 leads to banking reforms

BUILDING A NATION
JACKSONIAN ERA 1824 1840
Martin Van Buren 1836 1840 Two Party System Whigs versus Democrats Depression factories closed riots larger banks no longer accept specie worthless paper money Van Buren blames banks less government to interfere with private pursuits

BUILDING A NATION
JACKSONIAN ERA 1824 1840
Tippecanoe Tyler too 1840 1844 William Henry Harrison symbol no political record political packaging Clay planning to control W H H death John Tyler disowned by party against bank Whig party disintegrates in south Webster Ashburton Treaty

William Henry Harrison

Library of Congress

BUILDING A NATION
THE WAR OF 1812 ERA OF GOOD FEELINGS 1815 1824 MONROE DOCTRINE 1823 JACKSONIAN ERA 1824 1840 COMMERCIAL AGRICULTURE MARKET REVOLUTION TRANSPORTATION INNOVATIONS INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION ROMANTICISM AND REFORMS

BUILDING A NATION
COMMERCIAL AGRICULTURE
Cotton Belt from North Carolina to Louisiana 18th century machinery to manufacture cotton cloth cheaply difficulty of separating fibers from the seeds Eli Whitney 1793 Cotton Gin Spectacular Expansion of Cotton in 19th century production 146 000 bales in 1814 349 000 bales in 1819
The Cotton Gin
National Archives

BUILDING A NATION
COMMERCIAL AGRICULTURE
spectacular expansion of cotton Tobacco cultivation lags after Revolution new tobacco belts in Kentucky Tennessee Missouri Rice in South Carolina Georgia Sugar plantations in LA Wheat Pennsylvania to Ohio Indiana Illinois Fruits vegetables poultry dairy wool in New England Corn flour pork beef throughout states

BUILDING A NATION
THE WAR OF 1812 ERA OF GOOD FEELINGS 1815 1824 MONROE DOCTRINE 1823 JACKSONIAN ERA 1824 1840 COMMERCIAL AGRICULTURE MARKET REVOLUTION TRANSPORTATION INNOVATIONS INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION ROMANTICISM AND REFORMS

BUILDING A NATION
THE MARKET REVOLUTION Three stages in the development of the American economy a staple exporting economy tobacco grain etc for overseas carrying trade merchants self sufficiency in economic activities Trends Exporting economy of 18th cent trading economy national market economy diversity specialty limited local trade national market system gains in efficiency productivity rapid growth

BUILDING A NATION
THE MARKET REVOLUTION
Four Year Boom 1815 1818 Boom Bust Cycles Internal Trade Cycle Established None of this trade possible without the ability to transport bulky products from one part of the country to another

BUILDING A NATION
THE WAR OF 1812 ERA OF GOOD FEELINGS 1815 1824 MONROE DOCTRINE 1823 JACKSONIAN ERA 1824 1840 COMMERCIAL AGRICULTURE MARKET REVOLUTION TRANSPORTATION INNOVATIONS INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION ROMANTICISM AND REFORMS

BUILDING A NATION
TRANSPORTATION REVOLUTION
Turnpikes Steamboat Canals Railroads Robert Fulton Enterprise Public Policy MIXED ENTERPRISE to accomplish ends beneficial to public The Turnpike Steamboat Railroad Companies were the forerunners the modern corporation

BUILDING A NATION
THE WAR OF 1812 ERA OF GOOD FEELINGS 1815 1824 MONROE DOCTRINE 1823 JACKSONIAN ERA 1824 1840 COMMERCIAL AGRICULTURE MARKET REVOLUTION TRANSPORTATION INNOVATIONS INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION ROMANTICISM AND REFORMS

BUILDING A NATION
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
Trends Agriculture Manufacturing Rural Urban 90 farmers colonial 97 non farmers today Importance of machines Power to propel new machines water steam coal electricity Factory system
replaced skilled craftsmen mass production mostly women children no assembly line until 1900 s

BUILDING A NATION
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION Trends Importance of machines Factory system Inventors Industry resources national resources capital labor Tariffs to support domestic industries Tariff of 1816 foreign importation that competed with American manufacture cotton woolen cloth iron import duties of 20 25 additional tariffs in 1818 1819 wool iron

BUILDING A NATION
NATIONALISM factors contributing to it
Monroe Doctrine Marshall s Court Decisions Clay s American System National Markets

BUILDING A NATION
THE WAR OF 1812 ERA OF GOOD FEELINGS 1815 1824 MONROE DOCTRINE 1823 JACKSONIAN ERA 1824 1840 COMMERCIAL AGRICULTURE MARKET REVOLUTION TRANSPORTATION INNOVATIONS INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION ROMANTICISM AND REFORMS

BUILDING A NATION
ROMANTICISM AND REFORMS Utopian Age Americans love the new pursuit of money of individualism in which relationships constantly change A cultural development of the United States that grew out18th century Enlightenment Romanticism a new configuration of ideas attitudes world designed for man s happiness emphasized man s ability

BUILDING A NATION
ROMANTICISM AND REFORMS
Romanticism OPTIMISM INDIVIDUALISM A reaction against Enlightenment s mechanical view of the natural world with its emphasis on intellect Romanticism distrusted intellect valued EMOTION INTUITION

BUILDING A NATION
ROMANTICISM AND REFORMS Romantic Movements TRANSCENDENTALISM to rise above reason Ralph Waldo Emerson James Fenimore Cooper Herman Melville ROMANTIC CHRISTIANITY
increasingly self reliant optimistic individualistic

GREAT REVIVAL OF 1800 1825 Love is the essence of Christian Life

BUILDING A NATION
ROMANTICISM AND REFORMS
Romantic Movements UTOPIANISM communities without sin Religious Utopians Shakers celibacy Oneida N Y complex marraige Mormons polygamy Secular Utopians New Harmony Indiana Brook Farm MA Fouriersts creation of phalanzes

BUILDING A NATION
ROMANTICISM AND REFORMS
Feminist Movement Declaration of Sentiments All men and women are created equal

BUILDING A NATION
THE WAR OF 1812 ERA OF GOOD FEELINGS 1815 1824 MONROE DOCTRINE 1823 JACKSONIAN ERA 1824 1840 COMMERCIAL AGRICULTURE MARKET REVOLUTION TRANSPORTATION INNOVATIONS INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION ROMANTICISM AND REFORMS

Building A Nation Building

Instructor Carol Jean Cox